Effortless Meditation
Transcendental Meditation is different
from other forms of meditation. Many people are hesitant to
start a meditation practice because they fear it will be hard, but a new study
shows that at least one form, Transcendental Meditation, actually requires very
little effort.
Transcendental
Meditation (TM) is a type of meditation that is practiced twice a day, for 20
minutes at a time. Practitioners sit with their eyes closed. Unlike other forms
of meditation, it does not focus on breath work or chanting. Still other forms
of meditation call for concentration, such as Zen and Vipassana styles, or open
monitoring, such as mindfulness meditation and Kriya yoga.
The
research on TM was published in the journal Brain and Cognition.
It looked at both self-reports and brain patterns of those studying at the
Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield, Iowa. It looked at 87 students
who had been practicing TM for anywhere from one month to five years.
Researchers observed the brain patterns while the students were in three modes:
resting with their eyes closed, practicing TM, and while working on a
challenging computer task.
The
study found some interesting results. One was that it didn’t matter how long
the students had been practicing TM. “Individuals practicing Transcendental
Meditation for just one month reported the same frequency of Transcendental
Consciousness experiences during their practice as individuals meditating for
five years,” wrote the study’s lead author, Fred Travis, Ph.D., Professor of
Maharishi Vedic Science, at the Maharishi University.
The
second finding involved the “default mode network,” areas in the front and back
of the brain that are active during internal thinking and self-referential
activity, such as creating an autobiographical story. This network shows high
activity if a person is sitting with his or her eyes closed, and lower activity
when a person has their eyes open, interacting with the rest of the world. The
study reports that activity in the default mode network remained high during TM
practice.
“This
is an important finding, since eyes-closed rest is usually used as the
benchmark for default mode network activity,” wrote Travis.
“Deactivation
of the default mode network indicates how much effort we are using,” Dr. Travis
says. “While people may not have had the experience of effortless transcending
and so do not know what it feels like to transcend, they can now see the
objective high activation in the default mode network—and see that something
different is happening during Transcendental Meditation practice.”
The
study is another reminder that while all forms of meditation tend to get lumped
together, there are in fact many ways to practice meditation, each with nuanced
methods worthy of more scientific study.
Source:Spiritualityhealth
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